Texas FFA Livestock Judging PracticeTest

A permanent change in the genotype of an offspring from that of its parents is known as:

1. Adaptation

2. Mutation

3. Selection

4. Hybridization

The correct answer is: Mutation

A permanent change in the genotype of an offspring from that of its parents is referred to as a mutation. Mutations can occur due to various factors, including environmental influences or errors that happen during DNA replication. They result in alterations to an organism's genetic material, which can subsequently affect traits in the offspring. Mutations are fundamental to the process of evolution, contributing to genetic diversity. Over generations, beneficial mutations may be preserved through natural selection, while harmful mutations may be eliminated from a population. This genetic variation is essential for the adaptability of species in changing environments. In a livestock context, understanding mutations is crucial for breeding practices. Breeders may select for specific traits that are influenced by mutations to improve certain characteristics in their livestock, such as growth rate or disease resistance.