What is the process called that involves the use of liquid nitrogen for storing semen and embryos?

The process referred to in this question involves the preservation of biological materials at extremely low temperatures using liquid nitrogen. This technique is known as cryopreservation. It is widely employed in livestock breeding, research, and conservation efforts to maintain the viability of semen and embryos for future use.

When sperm or embryos are cryopreserved, they are cooled to sub-zero temperatures, effectively slowing down all biological activity, including cellular metabolism and enzyme reactions. This allows the specimens to be stored for extended periods while maintaining their viability for fertilization or implantation later on.

While the other terms mentioned have connections to low-temperature science, they don't accurately capture the specific technique of preserving semen and embryos. Cryogenics refers more broadly to the study of low temperatures and their effects, while cryoinhibition and cryotreatment are not standard terms recognized in the field for the preservation of biological materials. Thus, cryopreservation is the best fit for this context.