Texas FFA Livestock Judging PracticeTest

Which swine trait has the highest heritability estimate?

1. Weight gain

2. Carcass length

3. Fat thickness

4. Feed efficiency

The correct answer is: Carcass length

Carcass length is recognized for having the highest heritability estimate compared to other swine traits. Heritability refers to the proportion of observed variation in a trait that can be attributed to genetic variation among individuals in a population. In the case of carcass length, this trait is closely linked to the genetic make-up of the animals, allowing for more effective selection in breeding programs that aim to enhance this trait. The emphasis on carcass length is particularly important in the swine industry, as it directly affects the yield and value of the meat produced. Selective breeding for this trait can lead to significant improvements over generations, thus making it a priority for producers. In contrast, traits like weight gain, fat thickness, and feed efficiency, while also important in pork production, typically have lower heritability estimates. This means there tends to be more environmental variability affecting these traits compared to carcass length, making genetic improvements through selective breeding less straightforward. Understanding the heritability of these traits is crucial for making informed breeding decisions to optimize productivity in livestock farming.